Paradoxes · Fallacies · Biases
The ways research reasoning goes wrong.
A curated field guide to the paradoxes, fallacies and biases that bend social-science & management research. Each entry: what the trap is, a real worked example, why it happens, and how to avoid it — every one hand-cited to a canonical source you can verify.
How to read this
One stone per trap, dropped into the stretch of research where it first bites; its faint wake runs downstream to the last stage it bites, with a dot at each stage in between (hover a stone to light its wake). Headers: traps that enter a stretch · traps that bite there. Stones that bite more stages are bigger. Shape and colour show the type: paradox (round), fallacy (angular), bias (flat). Darker, more weathered stones have older canonical sources (earliest cited year, 1886–2016). Stacking and the water are layout, not data. Select a stone to open its entry.
Type
Family
FallacyScope — reference tier of Lazy Research Lad.
Every paradox, fallacy & bias here names a real, hand-verified canonical source with a link out — nothing is invented. Worked examples are drawn from the cited literature.
Part of Lazy Research Lad, alongside
TheoryScope ·
ScaleScope ·
ToolsScope ·
ScholarScope.